ĐĎॹá>ţ˙ Ž°ţ˙˙˙Ź­˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ěĽÁ'` đżbjbjLULU 3<.?.?b,˙˙˙˙˙˙¤ôôôôôôô*ÔĆ-Ć-Ć-8ţ-,*.Dţ ÖlÜz.z....k// ‹/UlWlWlWlWlWlWl$˛nhq\{lô“/k/k/“/“/{lôô..ېlW3W3W3“/xô.ô.UlW3“/UlW3W3‰f€ôô k.n. @Ë._ţËĆ- 1ˆ h,éklŚl0Öl5hŘvq“1`vqX k k„vqô‘kXW3“/“/“/{l{ló2d“/“/“/Öl“/“/“/“/ţ ţ ţ ¤˘$ţ ţ ţ ˘*ôôôôôô˙˙˙˙  WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ________________________ INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (OF UNESCO) ________________________Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission For Oceanography And Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) Observations Programme Area Coordination Group (OCG) Fourth Session Hobart, Australia, 18-20 April 2011 OCG-IV/Doc. 4.1.1 (06.IV.2011) ______ English only Ship Observations Team: Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) scheme and the Automated Shipboard Aerological Programme (ASAP) submitted by Graeme Ball 1. Network status, measured against requirements VOS ~4000 ships in Pub47, 2000 reporting in any one month ~123,000 obs per month, 14.7M per year 368 VOSClim ships (Feb 2011) ASAP 20 ships routinely providing upper air soundings on the GTS. E-ASAP 18 ships and Japan 2 ships. Occasionally some research ships, including SA Agulhus. Some navies perform ad-hoc upper air soundings. 4950 soundings on GTS in 2010. 2. Delivery of data (data collection and exchange) VOS Obs in FM13 by Inmarsat-C or email to NMS then inserted on GTS. Timeliness of data is routinely monitored by the RSMC (UKMO). Delayed mode (QC’ed) data are submitted to the GCCs (UK and DE) in support of Marine Climatological Summaries Scheme (MCSS). Level of submissions by members is improving. Level of IMMT data collected has improved through the use of electronic logbook software. VOS metadata now extends to over 100 variables. Most countries are submitting metadata quarterly in XML transfer protocol. AU and NZ are the only non-EU countries submitting monthly as per a request at SOT-V to submit monthly Pub47 metadata. BUFR implementation is not well understood by VOS operators. ASAP Obs in HiRes BUFR, with vertical resolution of 20 sec (~100m), plus mandatory and significant levels. File size is about 10Kb Satellite communications are not completely reliable 3. Measurement standards and Quality Control VOS Obs routinely monitored by RSMC (for standard VOS) and RTMC (for VOSClim) against agreed standards. Monthly reports distributed to NMS and PMOs. Comprehensive set of real-time monitoring tools provided by Meteo France to check individual platform sensors against the French model and against buddy platforms. JCOMMOPS provides a range of monitoring tools and maps showing coverage and variables reported. PMOs perform regular inspections to maintain instruments performance and calibration. Barometer checks on ships are traceable to national and international pressure standards. ASAP Obs routinely monitored by Meteo France against agreed standards. The quality of reports in 2010 was generally of a high standard, with only a small percentage of erroneous data. 4. Logistics and resources VOS VOS underpinned by global PMO network. Resources to carry out the VOS functions are provided at the national level. PMO-IV (Orlando, 8-10 December 2010) was successful in promoting common standards and practices and strengthening international co-operation, e.g. buddy program. VOS-DP provided a resource platform and impetus for VOS start-up countries. ASAP ASAP ships typically require significant deck space for either a 10’ or 20’ shipping container. There might also be a requirement for open deck space for launching the balloon. Space might also be required in the bridge for the DigiCORA sounding system processor. Equipment maintenance is often limited due to the short berthing times in port. Soundings are performed by crew members, often with limited training. 5. Potential new technology (instrumentation, communications, platforms) VOS Numbers and types of AWS is increasing, but systems are expensive and transient nature of shipping makes ship selection and installation difficult. Email is becoming more popular as the preferred method to send obs from traditional manual VOS. Compression techniques are used, particularly from AWS with high reporting rates. Iridium comms is becoming more popular. ASAP 6. Capacity-building requirements VOS International training arranged by WMO every 2-3 years, with high level of SOT/VOSP support. PMO-IV in Orlando, December 2010. VOS-DP, an initiative of the DBCP/SOT (building on a suggestion from David Meldrum) will help countries initiate a VOS program using donated SVP-B as a simple deck AWS. VOS website contains comprehensive guides for VOS Programme Managers and PMOs. Website also includes links to monitoring tools, forms, a wide range of PMO resources for ship recruitment and ship inspections. ASAP 7. Ideas for the immediate way forward VOS Promote the new VOS classes and to upgrade to VOSClim class wherever possible. Agree on the VOSClim performance measures Raise awareness of the VOS start-up program (VOS-DP). Raise awareness of the PMO buddy program concept Raise awareness of the imminent introduction of BUFR and the ramifications for the VOS. Improve the staffing situation at JCOMMOPS. ASAP Promote ASAP in other areas of the world, easier said than done having been involved in the WRAP project. Implement the Data Targeting System (DTS) to deliver data in sensitive areas on request. UK Met Office and ECMWF conducted a DTS Trial in 2008. E-ASAP participated in the trail with moderate success, however overall the trial confirmed the capabilities of targeted observations. A similar program for upper air observations has existed in Australia for many years and is very successful. Metrics VOS To upgrade as many ships as practicable to VOSClim class with the aim that 25% of global active VOS will be VOSClim class by SOT-7 (2013). (Quantity) All VOS ships aim to meet the reporting criteria of an ‘Active ship’ by providing an average of 20 Observations per month. (Quantity).  That less than 3% of VOSClim class ships per month are flagged on the Suspect List for Air Pressure. (Quality – this is something PMOs can directly influence). That for 95% of VOSClim class observations are received within 120 minutes. (Timeliness)     OCG-IV/Doc. 4.1.1  PAGE 5 #<=tŽŕá& J W \ ^ c v ƒ „ íÓšŁÓšŁ‹qšŁ‹^‹I‹Ł5'hˆ.˙h¸s‡OJPJQJ^JhmH sH )h¸s‡CJOJPJQJ^JaJhmH sH %h¸s‡CJOJPJQJaJhmH sH 2hˆ.˙h¸s‡;CJOJPJQJ^JaJhmH sH /hˆ.˙h¸s‡CJOJPJQJ^JaJhmH sH +hˆ.˙h¸s‡CJOJPJQJ^JhmH sH 2hˆ.˙h¸s‡5CJOJPJQJ^JaJhmH sH 2hˆ.˙h¸s‡CJOJPJQJ\^JaJhmH sH #hL."hE(~CJOJPJQJ^Jh#<=tŽá & J ôäÖôÖքmaaÖ $$Ifa$gd¸s‡$ Ć _ ů ¤P¤$Ifa$gd¸s‡Qkd$$IfT–x4Ö0­[™(Ž>öě%ööÖ˙˙Ö˙˙Ö˙˙Ö˙˙4Ö xaö%f4ŠT$¤$Ifa$gd¸s‡$¤P¤d$Ifa$gd¸s‡ ¤$Ifgd¸s‡ bŽýýJ K ] j u v ƒ „ … † ý   H L ‚ đđđđđ🝝˜˜Ž & F¤gdE(~gdE(~Pkdw$$IfT–x”ěÖ0­[™(Ž>öě%ööÖ˙˙Ö˙˙Ö˙˙Ö˙˙4Ö xaö%ŠT„Œ¤$If`„Œgd¸s‡„ † ý   L  ‚ Š Ş Ç Č É Î ś ˇ ¸ š ź đ l m n   u v Ż ° ž Ŕ hiŚ§¨­bcg•ľČÜÝŢă$&üőüçÖǝǝǝÇÖťŻťÇçÖÇŻťÇŁÇťÇťÇťÇťÇťÇťÇÖť’çÖťŁťÇťÖť‡h| hE(~^JaJ h#ĺhE(~5B*CJ^Jphhť]9B*CJ^Jphh¸uwB*CJ^JphhE(~B*CJ^Jphhőa˝hE(~B*CJ^Jph hőa˝hE(~5B*CJ^JphhE(~5B*CJ^Jph h¸s‡5CJh¸s‡2‚ ƒ Ş Ť Č É Î / 0 ˜ ™ ¸ š ě đ n o   u v hi§¨öěöěöçÝçÝçÝçççÓöÓöÓöÓöÓç & F¤gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~„x^„xgdE(~¨­,-cd‘•&'ËĚ,-ÝŢă%&—˜łˇúđéđúđúúúßúßúßúßúúŐúŐúúú & F ¤gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~¤gdE(~ & F ¤gdE(~gdE(~&–˜›ˇ áęó˙!Y`lvŘăďýÁÂĆÝß  }ƒ„…†ŠŹĽ§Ź­Ž˛ŮCHTÉřěŢÍěÁěľěľěŚÍěšěšěšěšěšěŚŢÍŢÍŢÍěŚÍŢěŚŢÍěŚÍŢÍŢÍě͋ěh#ĺhE(~B*CJ^Jphh÷{sB*CJ^Jphhőa˝hE(~B*CJ^Jphhť]9B*CJ^JphhU&ŻB*CJ^Jph hőa˝hE(~5B*CJ^JphhE(~5B*CJ^JphhE(~B*CJ^JphhE(~^JaJ2ˇ+,ÎĎ!)*z{Á Ł¤~„…†¨ŹőđőđőđđćđćđćđđđÜđÜđđÔđđđ & F gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~ & F ¤gdE(~gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~Ź+,ŐÖŚ§Ź­ŽŐŮ()STŠ‹ź˝BCHőđőđőđđčđđđŢđŢđŢđŢđŢđŢđđ & F¤gdE(~ & FgdE(~gdE(~ & F¤gdE(~H˛ł89:BCGÝŢfgabdeghjkmőđőééßééĚéĚéĚéĚéĘĘĘĘĘĘĘ & F Ć8h„h¤^„hgd _T & F¤gd _T¤gd _TgdE(~ & F ¤gdE(~É78:BCGKŢßšž37abcefhikln‚ˆ‰óçŰĘŰš­ž’ž’ž’žƒ{w{w{w{wn_T_hL."höç0JCJjhL."höç0JCJUhL."höçCJh“fˆjh“fˆUh#ĺh _TB*CJ^JphhU|B*CJ^Jphh _Th _TB*CJ^JphhöçB*CJ^Jph hU|hU|5B*CJ^Jph h _Th _T5B*CJ^Jphh _TB*CJ^JphhE(~B*CJ^Jphh•’B*CJ^JphmnŒŽýűýýô¤gd _T‰Š‹ŒŽňăÚÖŇĂh#ĺh _TB*CJ^Jphh“fˆhöçhL."höçCJjhL."höç0JCJUhöç0JCJmHnHu1 0:p¸s‡°{. °ĆA!°Š"°Š#Š$Š%°°Ĺ°Ĺ Äu$$If–%!vh5ÖŽ5Ö>#vŽ#v>:V –x4öě%ö5ÖŽ5Ö>4Ö4Ö xaö%f4ŠTs$$If–%!vh5ÖŽ5Ö>#vŽ#v>:V –x”ěöě%ö5ÖŽ5Ö>4Ö4Ö xaö%ŠT†œL@ń˙L l#ŐNormal¤x CJOJQJ_HaJmH sH tH V@V l#Ր Heading 1$$¤đ¤đ@&5CJPJ\^JaJ VV l#Ր Heading 2$$¤đ¤đ@&5CJPJ\^JaJJJ l#Ր Heading 3$$¤đ@&>*PJ\^JDA@ň˙ĄD Default Paragraph FontRi@ó˙łR ˝ Table Normalö4Ö l4Öaö (kô˙Á( No List LţO˘ńL l#Ր Char Char45CJOJPJQJ\^JaJ Lţ˘L l#Ր Char Char35CJOJPJQJ\^JaJLţ˘L l#Ր Char Char2>*CJOJPJQJ\^JaJ4@"4 %EŔHeader  ĆŕŔ!>ţO˘1> %EŔ Char Char1CJOJQJaJ4 @B4 %EŔFooter  ĆŕŔ!<ţO˘Q< %EŔ Char CharCJOJQJaJ.)@˘a. %EŔ Page NumberH™rH U&Ż Balloon TextCJOJQJ^JaJ<˙˙˙˙#<=tŽá&JK]juvƒ„…†ýHL‚ƒŞŤČÉÎ/0˜™¸šěđnožv:ž^Čžv:Nv:N^ČNv:§žv:žv:žv:žv:Nv:Nv:Nv:Nv:Nv:Nv:e+g#sg#sg#Ľg#sg#sg#Źg#Źg#ŞÔg#Źg#ŞÔg#Źg#ŞÔg#Źg#Ź˙g#7g#Ź˙g#7g#Źg#ŞÔg#Źg#Źg#Ź˙g#7g#Ź˙g#Ä-g#Ź˙g#7#<=tŽá&JK]juvƒ„…†ýHL‚ƒŞŤČÉÎ/0˜™¸šěđnouvhi§¨­,-cd‘•&'ËĚ, - Ý Ţ ă % & — ˜ ł ˇ + , Î Ď   ! ) * z { Á  Ł¤~„…†¨Ź+,ŐÖŚ§Ź­ŽŐŮ()STŠ‹ź˝BCH˛ł89:BCGÝŢfgabdeghjkmnŒŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€Đ Š0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€Đ ™0€€Ô Š0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€Đ Š0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€ĐŠ0€€Đ ™0€€Ô ˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜ 0€€˜0€€€˜ 0€€˜0€€€˜ 0€€˜0€€€˜ 0€€˜0€€hË00Ą¨‘00ĚhË00Ą¨‘00ĚhË00Ą¨‘00ĚhË00Ą¨‘00Ě˜@0€€hË00Ą¨‘00 Ě#<=tŽá&JK]juvƒ„…†ýHL‚ƒŞŤČÉÎ/0˜™¸šěđnouvhi§¨­,-cd‘•&'ËĚ, - Ý Ţ ă % & — ˜ ł ˇ + , Î Ď   ! ) * z { Á  Ł¤~„…†¨Ź+,ŐÖŚ§Ź­ŽŐŮ()STŠ‹ź˝BCH˛ł89:BGÝŢfgaŤ0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€ Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€ ›0€€ Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€ Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€€Ť0€€ ›0€€ š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€š 0€€€š0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š0€€€š 0€€€š€€€ +++++.„ &ɉJ ‚ ¨ˇŹHmŽ&(.!˙•€đ8đ@ń˙˙˙€€€÷đ’đđ0đ( đ đđB đS đżË˙ ?đ˙˙DOC_NORWŒ_fđó}‚ž˘ÄŇ­°´š•˜ $ch- 1 ă ć ţ   ăć^c#JQryłş|ƒéíbbddeeghjkmný(*GŇ6bbddeeghjkmn333<tŽHLŤÎ™šěđ쨭-ů'Ţ ă ˜ ˇ  !  VŹ ,§ŽŐŮCH:BCGŃbbddeeghjkmnJQbbddeeghjkmn bî Ňěä›˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ŕvœ °"j˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ç07°Wî˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙W>°đ^Š˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙÷]ŃHu˛5˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙DOHŠßJ*˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ę!Œéţ‚˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ľA%,÷Ęí˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙fš1Üü„˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ü8ÄĎNö˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙×`%P\jÔ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙‚VňRfęd%˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙‚a ZBśV-˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙d]˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ŕ0raţKÂŢ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˘0˙eR—Ń˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ŮG\tŞ™:I˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙<ŠxîVÉ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ĎeázHZx˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙h„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đ„Đ„˜ţĆĐ^„Đ`„˜ţ.€„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţ.€„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţ.€„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţ.€„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţ.€„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţ.€„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţ.€„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţ.€„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţ.„Đ„0ýĆĐ^„Đ`„0ýo(.h„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđ‚ „„L˙Ć^„`„L˙‡hˆH.€ „Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţ‡hˆH.€ „¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţ‡hˆH.‚ „x„L˙Ćx^„x`„L˙‡hˆH.€ „H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţ‡hˆH.€ „„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţ‡hˆH.‚ „č„L˙Ćč^„č`„L˙‡hˆH.h„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đ„Đ„˜ţĆĐ^„Đ`„˜ţ.€„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţ.€„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţ.€„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţ.€„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţ.€„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţ.€„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţ.€„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţ.€„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţ.h„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đx„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđx„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHox„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đ„Đ„˜ţĆĐ^„Đ`„˜ţ.€„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţ.€„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţ.€„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţ.€„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţ.€„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţ.€„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţ.€„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţ.€„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţ.„Đ„˜ţĆĐ^„Đ`„˜ţ.€„ „˜ţĆ ^„ `„˜ţ.€„p„˜ţĆp^„p`„˜ţ.€„@ „˜ţĆ@ ^„@ `„˜ţ.€„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţ.€„ŕ„˜ţĆŕ^„ŕ`„˜ţ.€„°„˜ţĆ°^„°`„˜ţ.€„€„˜ţĆ€^„€`„˜ţ.€„P„˜ţĆP^„P`„˜ţ.h„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„h„˜ţĆh^„h`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„8„˜ţĆ8^„8`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„Ř „˜ţĆŘ ^„Ř `„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„¨ „˜ţƨ ^„¨ `„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„x„˜ţĆx^„x`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đh„H„˜ţĆH^„H`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆHˇđh„„˜ţĆ^„`„˜ţOJQJ^Jo(‡hˆHoh„č„˜ţĆč^„č`„˜ţOJQJo(‡hˆH§đÇ07×`%PĘ!‚VňR<Šxŕvœ W>°Ŕ0raŮG\tfš1Ü8˘0˙e bî ĎeázDOH‚a ZľA%,d]÷]Ń˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙                                    †™:čî4&!"cäV ´Ž\´Ô랎˛Ç&Ýć° tvŇęžşâĹ                 ˜žLďĘEš{Tx€éâRŤh|žą~7Ž;¸“ˆm‚ˆ’Š0C¨{                                    VŠnxÂÖŻ\$ßVăt˛ć Pż’ż‚(‚ŁĐyţŒÂ!ŕ^ň"Ź65Üńň2:‡ŚNq` ĚQŢ#´*fTűźKšÖƒ                                             ONĄG& ĄG& ‹UČx[86ĄG& ń<ĄG& Œ“DĄG& žOĄG& ”~cĄG& ‹UČxć!s|ĄG& ĺU|>5ť]9 _T÷{s¸uwE(~¸s‡“fˆ•’ž\ŽU&ŻŰcł¤ şöç-č<ŽJƒ„bdgjmž–˙@€KKŒ6ŹKKP@˙˙Unknown˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Gď:ŕAxŔ ˙Times New Roman5€Symbol3& ˙:ŕCxŔ ˙Arial7ď K@ŸCambria;& ˙:ŕCxŔ ˙Helvetica5& ˙:á[`Ŕ)˙Tahoma?5 ˙:ŕCxŔ ˙Courier New;€Wingdings 1ˆđĐh§2ôfGšôF;ô†˝}ĺ *}ĺ *!đĽŔ´´€4dWW :ƒqđüýHń˙?'˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ˆ.˙2˙˙Albert Fischer Graeme BallX              ţ˙ŕ…ŸňůOhŤ‘+'łŮ0ԅ˜ Ź¸ĐÜđ  0 < H T`hpx€äAlbert Fischer Normal.dot Graeme Ball15Microsoft Office Word@Ž*g@~„ËôË@Ş2óóË@BdRţË}ĺGL„˙˙˙˙ýQtp B &" WMFCVH ´>´^l^hüQt EMF´^r ^hŇ)ď3(ˆ   ^h% € Rp­˙˙˙@"Arial3&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙ArialĐ˙..0Üľ00ÜLnŻ0HÜdv%  TTúR&­݉‡@9v‡@úœLÂü hP - Rp˝˙˙˙@"Arial3&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙Arial0ß,ܸ<Â@ß0Üľ00ÜLnŻ0HÜdv% TŃŚ݉‡@9v‡@ !LÂü hWORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONœA30%07,)-404%430-$4/4-0(-(40TT§ŃÉ݉‡@9v‡@§ LÂü hP # Rp­˙˙˙ź@"Arial3&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙Arial0ß,Ü<=Â@ß0Üľ00ÜLnŻ0HÜdv% TÜ´E ¤݉‡@9v‡@ľ’LÂü h|________________________.../../.././../../..//..TT E;¤݉‡@9v‡@ ’LÂü hP ‡@/ % TT. RZ ­݉‡@9v‡@. œLö •hP - % T °uú݉‡@9v‡@ ěLö •hŒINTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC0)-043--007-0(-%4/--/440--/0TTv°Ŕú݉‡@9v‡@věLö •hP TK TĐ üˆF݉‡@9v‡@ 8Lö •hxCOMMISSION (OF UNESCO)0477--403)00,-04TT‰üŤF݉‡@9v‡@‰8Lö •hP # % Tܜ GőŚ݉‡@9v‡@ ”Lö •h|________________________.../../.././../../..//..TTőG#Ś݉‡@9v‡@ő”Lö •hP / % T„ĂÍ_(݉‡@9v‡@Ă LÂü h`Joint WMO*..REATT`Í{(݉‡@9v‡@`LÂü hP-Tü|Í (݉‡@9v‡@|LÂü hˆIOC Technical Commission For A<4.*..*.<.FG)*..3.!Âü h" ˙˙˙˙ TP?,ƒ ‡݉‡@9v‡@?v+LÂü h¤Oceanography And Marine Meteorology (JCOMM)A*...../.0(8..E...E./...0(*<AEETT„ ,ą ‡݉‡@9v‡@„ vLÂü hP 0.!Âü h" ˙˙˙˙ % Tô|ˆ]ç݉‡@9v‡@|ŐLÂü h„Observations Programme Area A3.. /.33.8 33 /JJ/:!./TT^ˆŠç݉‡@9v‡@^ŐLÂü hP L TXĎč=G݉‡@9v‡@Ď5LÂü hPCo<3TĐ>čóG݉‡@9v‡@>5LÂü hxordination Group (OCG)3 33.33A 333A=ATTôč!G݉‡@9v‡@ô5LÂü hP ‡@. T ˛yŘ݉‡@9v‡@˛ĆLÂü hhFourth Session333 37./.33TTy>Ř݉‡@9v‡@ĆLÂü hP / % TĚcYj݉‡@9v‡@cYLÂü hxHobart, Australia, 18<...7.*/./.TTZuj݉‡@9v‡@ZYLÂü hP-Tœv_j݉‡@9v‡@vY LÂü hh20 April 2011..7//...TT`Žj݉‡@9v‡@`YLÂü hP / TT Ť? ݉‡@9v‡@ őLö •hP - T` Đ f݉‡@9v‡@ ULö •hTOCGA<ATTŃ ě f݉‡@9v‡@Ń ULö •hP-T|í f݉‡@9v‡@í ULö •h\IV/Doc. 7<.*Tl Ěf݉‡@9v‡@ULö •hX4.1.1/..TTÍ úf݉‡@9v‡@ÍULö •hP . TT j. Ĺ݉‡@9v‡@ ´Lö •hP(Tl/ jđ Ĺ݉‡@9v‡@/ ´Lö •hX06.IV..8Tpń jÜ Ĺ݉‡@9v‡@ń ´Lö •hX.2011)./..TTÝ j Ĺ݉‡@9v‡@Ý ´Lö •hP . Tˆ Ę… %݉‡@9v‡@  Lö •h` ______./../.TT… ʲ %݉‡@9v‡@… Lö •hP . TT *? …݉‡@9v‡@ tLö •hP - T” ŠŇ ĺ݉‡@9v‡@ Ô Lö •hdEnglish only7./*../(TTÓ Šĺ݉‡@9v‡@Ó ÔLö •hP / Rp¤˙˙˙@"Helvetica;&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙HelvetcaÜ&%0el¸ćŘćľ0ŘćLnŻ0đćdv% TTOŒň݉‡@9v‡@OßL^hP 1 TTO(Ž݉‡@9v‡@O{L^hP 1 Rp‹˙˙˙ź@"Helvetica;&&" WMFC ´´^˙:ŕCxŔ ˙HelvetcaŘéÔć¸<ÂčéŘćľ0ŘćLnŻ0đćdv% TŔOÁŢF݉‡@9v‡@O->L^hČShip Observations Team: Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) scheme NG!G![GA@.@A'!GGA!GAAh&!NG!GG'A/>![GAA.@!GG!NF!G!&N[N'!@AGAhA  TœOGĹĚ݉‡@9v‡@Oł8L^hźand the Automated Shipboard Aerological Programme (ASAP)AGG!'GA"RG'GhA'AG!NG!GGGA.G"QA.G!GG!AA! N.GG.@hh@!(QPRN'TTĆGĚ݉‡@9v‡@ĆłL^hP B % T`O âg ݉‡@9v‡@OT L^hTsub.33TĚă lg ݉‡@9v‡@ăT L^hxmitted by Graeme BallM333-G32M3=2TTm žg ݉‡@9v‡@mT L^hP 2 TTO  ݉‡@9v‡@Ođ L^hP 1 Rpœ˙˙˙ź@"Helvetica;&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙HelvetcaŘéÔć¸<ÂčéŘćľ0ŘćLnŻ0đćdv% TXO5 Ą§ ݉‡@9v‡@O’ L^hP1.8TT˘5 z§ ݉‡@9v‡@˘’ L^hP ŮT\{5 g § ݉‡@9v‡@{’ -L^h¨Network status, measured against requirementsH8 P='78!8!=8Y878='8=8<8=8!'8=='7Y8=!8TTh 5 Ÿ § ݉‡@9v‡@h ’ L^hP 8 T`OÚ "L ݉‡@9v‡@O7 L^hTVOSCNCTT#Ú YL ݉‡@9v‡@#7 L^hP 7 Rpœ˙˙˙@Symbol `1T¨¨čěĆ0ĚŒ6ŹKŒ6Źł×ÖŮ÷Ç0ˆč@ěŞ0„ěŞ0Ä0atus, measured against requiree5€Symbol0ćľ00ćLnŻ0Hćdv% TT Žř ݉‡@9v‡@ă L^hPˇđ.Rpœ˙˙˙@"ArialOOMG&&&&&&1111<#EEE&&&&ŽTR[ƒ0ĺý@ěŞ0ć0 ÎŻ0€@ěŞ03&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙ArialŹ€Âä0:öĐ ¸<Â,ćľ0,ćLnŻ0Dćdv% TTŻ‰ ř ݉‡@9v‡@Żă L^hP hRp œ˙˙˙@"HelveticaIë˙˙˙2ž˙˙˙eHĺČ,0 Đ4 ž Đ Üĺ@ĺ.0 ĐĐ4 žĐĺ;&˙:ŕCxŔ ˙HelvetcaŤ\0:!ŚpZ ěĺľ0ěĺLnŻ0ćdv% TŒ‰ ł ř ݉‡@9v‡@ă 5L^h¸~4000 ships in Pub47, 2000 reporting in any one month:888818828C78888878!878!878881788T878TT´ ‰ č ř ݉‡@9v‡@´ ă L^hP 5!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTü śk ݉‡@9v‡@V L^hP 6 % TTž Ž ݉‡@9v‡@ L^hPˇđ.% TTŻ¨  ݉‡@9v‡@Ż L^hP h% T0¨ /  ݉‡@9v‡@ &L^h˜~123,000 obs per month, 14.7M per year:88878888288!T878788S88!188!TT/ ¨ d  ݉‡@9v‡@/  L^hP 6!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TT śŠ ݉‡@9v‡@u L^hP 6 % TTź Ž5݉‡@9v‡@ L^hPˇđ.% TTŻĆ 5݉‡@9v‡@Ż L^hP h% TôĆ 5݉‡@9v‡@ L^h„368 VOSClim ships (Feb 2011)888CNCHT1882!<887888!TT€Ć ´5݉‡@9v‡@€ L^hP 5!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TT9ś¨݉‡@9v‡@“L^hP 6 % TdOŰcM݉‡@9v‡@O8L^hTASAPFEFDTTdŰœM݉‡@9v‡@d8L^hP 9 % TTO€|ů݉‡@9v‡@OäL^hPˇđ.% TT}Šäů݉‡@9v‡@}äL^hP h% TxĺŠ~ ů݉‡@9v‡@ĺä2L^h°20 ships routinely providing upper air soundings o882882!888818!818878878!8!287887728T” ŠÁ ů݉‡@9v‡@ ä L^hdn the GTS. E878M>CCTT Šâ ů݉‡@9v‡@ äL^hP-!T á Š™ů݉‡@9v‡@ă äL^hhASAP 18 ships CCBC881882!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TŔĺýHl݉‡@9v‡@ĺWL^htand Japan 2 ships. 8881887872882TTIý}l݉‡@9v‡@IWL^hP 5!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTOp„ß݉‡@9v‡@OĘL^hP 6 % TTO|‹݉‡@9v‡@OvL^hPˇđ.% TT}ä‹݉‡@9v‡@}vL^hP h% TĺÄ‹݉‡@9v‡@ĺvLL^häOccasionally some research ships, including SA Ap&ÖWMFC´´^gulhus. Some navies perform N2282878128T8!8188!282882827887CCC78881B8S87718288!8 T!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TXĺTţ݉‡@9v‡@ĺéL^hPad88TTUuţ݉‡@9v‡@UéL^hP-!TÜvźţ݉‡@9v‡@véL^h|hoc upper air soundings.8828788!8!27878872TT˝ňţ݉‡@9v‡@˝éL^hP ˙˙6!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTO„q݉‡@9v‡@O\L^hP 6 % TTO¤|݉‡@9v‡@OL^hPˇđ.% TT}Žä݉‡@9v‡@}L^hP h% TüĺŽ݉‡@9v‡@ĺL^hˆ4950 soundings on GTS in 201088782878887278M=C87887TT€Ž›݉‡@9v‡@€L^hP.TTœŽĐ݉‡@9v‡@œL^hP 5!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTO „݉‡@9v‡@OzL^hP 6 % TXOÂĄ4݉‡@9v‡@OL^hP2.8TT˘Âz4݉‡@9v‡@˘L^hP ŮTh{Â5 4݉‡@9v‡@{/L^hŹDelivery of data (data collection and exchange)H868(6=!=8!8!=8!98=78!==8==788=7==8!TT6 Âm 4݉‡@9v‡@6 L^hP 8 T`Og"Ů݉‡@9v‡@OÄL^hTVOSCNCTT#gYŮ݉‡@9v‡@#ÄL^hP 7 % TT Ž…݉‡@9v‡@pL^hPˇđ.% TTŻ…݉‡@9v‡@ŻpL^hP mah% TŹ…݉‡@9v‡@pL^hlObs in FM13 by IN828=S7881Txy…݉‡@9v‡@pL^h\nmarsat7T8 28TTzš…݉‡@9v‡@zpL^hP-!T€›Î…݉‡@9v‡@›p3L^h´C or email to NMS then inserted on GTS. Timeliness ImH8!7T87HSC887828!7878M>B>S88822!^h" ˙˙˙˙ Tt‰ ř݉‡@9v‡@ă1L^h°of data is routinely monitored by the RSMC (UKMO) /77882!78781T788!888188HCSH HCSN!TT ‰. ř݉‡@9v‡@ ăL^hP.OBTT/ ‰d ř݉‡@9v‡@/ ăL^hP OB6!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTüśk݉‡@9v‡@VL^hP Bo6 % TTžŽ݉‡@9v‡@L^hPˇđe.% TTŻ¨݉‡@9v‡@ŻL^hP Sh% T¨ń݉‡@9v‡@KL^häDelayed mode (QC ed) data are submitted to the GCCs (UK and DE) in support SBH88188T788!NH78!8888!8187T78888NHH2!HC788HC 828788!!^h" ˙˙˙˙ Tđ9Š݉‡@9v‡@uFL^hŘof Marine Climatological Summaries Scheme (MCSS). Level of submissions7S8!88HS888728C7TS8!82C187T7!SHCC!88187277T22882Td:ŮŠ݉‡@9v‡@:uL^hT by 81!^h" ˙˙˙˙ T|ŽÓý݉‡@9v‡@čL^h\members T7T78!2TœÔŽý݉‡@9v‡@Ôč L^hhis improving.nu2T8!8187TTŽ:ý݉‡@9v‡@čL^hP /6!^h" ˙˙˙˙ TTśp݉‡@9v‡@[L^hP SE6% €6h6^h6^66g6]g6]66f6\f6\66e6[e6[66d6Zd6Z66c6Yc6Y66b6Xb6X66a6Wa6W66`6V`6V6 6 _6U_6U 6  6 ^6T^6T 6  6 ]6S]6S 6  6 \6R\6R 6  6 [6Q[6Q 6 6Z6PZ6P66Y6OY6O66X6NX6N66W6MW6M66V6LV6L6  IS.űź"System???????????????-űö˙@"Arial-  2 P=63I űř˙@"Arial-=2 ^`!63IWORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION 2 ^ 63I űö˙ź@"Arial-/2 nr63I________________________ 2 n÷63I - 2 P92I -:2 ZU2IINTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC 2 Zú2I ,2 cr2ICOMMISSION (OF UNESCO) 2 cÝ2I -/2 ne2I________________________ 2 nę2I -2 }U 63IJoint WMO  2 }†63I-72 }Š63IIOC Technical Commission For I ,I36'˙˙L2 ‰E+63IOceanography And Marine Meteorology (JCOMM)  2 ‰$63I ,I36'˙˙-52 ”k63IObservations Programme Area   2 ”63I 2  u63ICo,2  ‚63Iordination Group (OCG) 2  ô63I  2 ą63IFourth Session 2 ąŮ63I -+2 Ăh63IHobart, Australia, 18) 2 ĂĂ63I-2 ĂÇ 63I20 April 2011 2 Ă63I  2 ys2I 2 …s2IOCGb 2 …Š2I-2 …2IIV/Doc. 2 …ą2I4.1.1c 2 …Ç2I  2 s2I(2 v2I06.IVc2 Ž2I.2011) 2 Ş2I 2 œs 2I ______ 2 œ 2I  2 §s2I 2 łs 2IEnglish only 2 łŠ2I űő˙@"Helvetica- 2 ÓGSI  2 ĺGSI űň˙ź@"Helvetica-h2 űG>SIShip Observations Team: Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) scheme             _2 G8SIand the Automated Shipboard Aerological Programme (ASAP)                2 ĺSI -2 GSIsub1+2 YSImitted by Graeme Ball)   2 ĆSI  2 1GSI űô˙ź@"Helvetica-2 DGSI1. 2 DQSI O2 Dk-SINetwork status, measured against requirements     2 D}SI 2 XGSIVOS1  2 X`SI űô˙@Symbol- 2 mMSIˇűô˙@"Arial- 2 mRSI űô˙@"Helvetica- [2 m_5SI~4000 ships in Pub47, 2000 reporting in any one monthA  2 m†SI ,IS'˙˙ 2 zMSI - 2 MSIˇ- 2 RSI - D2 _&SI~123,000 obs per month, 14.7M per year   2 9SI ,IS'˙˙ 2 MSI - 2 ąMSIˇ- 2 ąRSI - 52 ą_SI368 VOSClim ships (Feb 2011)   2 ąSI ,IS'˙˙ 2 żMSI -2 ÓGSIASAP  2 ÓhSI - 2 çGSIˇ- 2 çLSI - V2 çY2SI20 ships routinely providing upper air soundings o2 ça SIn the GTS. E  2 ç§SI- 2 çŤSIASAP 18 ships ,IS'˙˙(2 őYSIand Japan 2 ships.  2 őÁSI ,IS'˙˙ 2 GSI - 2 GSIˇ- 2 LSI - }2 YLSIOccasionally some research ships, including SA Agulhus. Some navies perform    ,IS'˙˙2 %YSIad 2 %fSI-/2 %jSIhoc upper air soundings. 2 %îSI ,IS'˙˙ 2 3GSI - 2 HGSIˇ- 2 HLSI - 72 HYSI4950 soundings on GTS in 2010   2 HSI. 2 H SI ,IS'˙˙ 2 UGSI -2 iGSI2. 2 iQSI R2 ik/SIDelivery of data (data collection and exchange)  2 iwSI 2 }GSIVOSP  2 }`SI - 2 ’MSIˇ- 2 ’RSI - #2 ’_SIObs in FM13 by I  2 ’şSInmarsat   2 ’ćSI-X2 ’ę3SIC or email to NMS then inserted on GTS. Timeliness t    ,IS'˙˙U2 Ÿ_1SIof data is routinely monitored by the RSMC (UKMO)s     2 ŸsSI. 2 ŸvSI ,IS'˙˙ 2 ­MSI - 2 ÂMSIˇ- 2 ÂRSI - |2 Â_KSIDelayed mode (QC’ed) data are submitted to the GCCs (UK and DE) in support        ,IS'˙˙t2 Ď_FSIof Marine Climatological Summaries Scheme (MCSS). Level of submissions       2 ĎóSI by ,IS'˙˙2 Ý_SImembers  2 Ý” SIis improving.  2 ÝŘSI ,IS'˙˙ 2 ëMSI -IISSHHSSHHSSHHSSHHSSHHSSHHSSHHRRHHRRGGRRGGRRGGRRGGRRGGRRGGRRGGQQGGQQGGQQFFQQţ˙ŐÍ՜.“—+,ůŽ0đ hp„Œ”œ ¤Ź´ź Ä Ńä IOC/UNESCO* W'  Title ţ˙˙˙ !"#$%&ţ˙˙˙()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_ţ˙˙˙abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ Ą˘Łţ˙˙˙ĽŚ§¨ŠŞŤţ˙˙˙ý˙˙˙ý˙˙˙Żţ˙˙˙ţ˙˙˙ţ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Root Entry˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ ŔFŔĺ4_ţËą€Data ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙1Table˙˙˙˙'ÎqWordDocument˙˙˙˙3<SummaryInformation(˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙`†DocumentSummaryInformation8˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙¤CompObj˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙q˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ţ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ţ˙ ˙˙˙˙ ŔFMicrosoft Office Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.8ô9˛q