ࡱ> '` bjbjLULU @..?.?=N   8X$|,{(D$ { { { { { { {$}h0{"0{E{ 8 {  { r:*T:+ p> {*zL[{0{* :+:+Or \|0{0{ ^{$  Restricted distribution IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.18 Agenda Item 5, Panel 6 Paris, 20 March 2011 English only INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Tenth Session of the IOC Intergovernmental Panel on Harmful Algal Blooms UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, 12-14 April 2011 HAB ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA)  ENVIRONMENT LABORATORIES 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco TELEPHONE: (+377) 97.97.72.7, FACSIMILE: (+377) 97.97.72.73 WEBSITE:  HYPERLINK "http://www.iaea.org/monaco" www.iaea.org/monaco ASSISTANCE TO MEMBER STATES TO MITIGATE IMPACTS OF HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS In response to the growing interest expressed by its Member States in mitigating and managing Harmful Algal Blooms, the International Atomic Energy Agency has enlarged its activities to address impacts of HABs through the following actions: - Cost-effective technologies involving isotopic compounds were selected for technology transfer and capacity building after careful comparison with non-nuclear techniques. - The Philippines Nuclear Research Institute was awarded the status of IAEA Collaborating Centre for HABs (with a significant participation of the Marine Science Institute) to develop research on the transfer of PSP toxins in the food chain and a field testing method for PSP toxins, in collaboration with the IAEA Environment Laboratories in Monaco (MEL). - An international Coordinated Research Project managed by MEL was developed on the applications of isotopic techniques to the study of HABs toxins bioaccumulation and food chain transfer in molluscs and their natural consumers, to support risk management decision-making in relation to assessment of their suitability for human consumption. A- Isotopic technologies transferred to IAEA Member States Quantification of PSP, ASP and CFP toxins in phytoplankton, shellfish and fish The Mouse Bioassay (MBA) is the certified method widely used as the basis for warning subsistence consumers and for prohibiting trade in contaminated shellfish products. While it is simple and robust, the method is non-specific, with poor precision ( 20%), low sensitivity and limited sample throughput. Moreover, the use of live animals for product testing is prohibited in many countries and will be discontinued in others. Reliable, rapid, sensitive and accurate assays for toxins are a requirement for any legal regulatory framework. The Receptor Binding Assay is a simple, sensitive (nM range) and high throughput method, based on radio-labeled toxin, for detecting and quantifying neurotoxins in phytoplankton, shellfish and fish. It can be used for the early warning of HABs toxicity. Dating of Sediment Cores combined with Cyst Analysis There is a need for understanding further the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors promoting HABs occurrences. The dating of modern and fossils cysts in sediment cores helps to establish HAB chronologies and to correlate them with physico-chemical parameters and/or climatic changes. B- Current Technical Cooperation projects The IAEA Environment Laboratories ensure the coordination, the networking and the technical support for three national projects (El Salvador, Guatemala & Oman), two regional projects in Africa and in Central America/Caribbean/Latin America and an inter-regional project. A regional project on CFP in Asia & Pacific is under preparation. The IAEA assistance is provided through capacity building and human resources development. The main activities are the transfer of the two radio-isotopic techniques in the regions (expert missions and training), the certification process for the Receptor Binding Assay to be recognized as an official method for PSP determination, by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), the secured supply of necessary radiolabelled toxins and the publication of a manual on RBA protocols for PSP and CFP toxins. The IAEA Marine Environment Laboratories has established collaborations with IOC-UNESCO, FAO, NOAA and US-FDA to reinforce its programs on seafood safety and human health impact.     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